Hue - Simple colors like red, green, and blue are all hues when it comes to art. This is a color in its most basic form.
Tint - Add white to a hue and you'll have a tinted color. There can be grades of tints; the more white you add to a hue, the lighter the tint will be.
Tone - This is what you see when you add gray to a hue. Like tints, tones can exist in grades.
Shade - Shade is what you see when you add black to a hue. Like tint and tone, it exists in grades.
Primary color - Red, yellow, and blue are primary colors. You can't mix any two colors together to make these hues.
Secondary colors - Secondary colors are the ones created by mixing two primary colors. Orange, green, and violet/purple are all secondary colors.